Study on the Separation of Gold Elements using Organic Solvent Eluent in Amberliate A-21 Chelating Resin Amberliate A-21 킬레이트 수지에서 유기용매 용리액에 의한 금 원소의 분리에 관한 연구
Study on the Separation of Gold Elements using Organic Solvent Eluent in Amberliate A-21 Chelating Resin Amberliate A-21 킬레이트 수지에서 유기용매 용리액에 의한 금 원소의 분리에 관한 연구
계연희 Youn-hee Kye , 이익모 Ik-mo Lee
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.213
Abstract
The separation method of Au (III) was studied by a chelating resin, Amberlite A-21. Sorption capacities for the metal ions on the Amberlite A-21 have been measured by batch method. This resin was applied to the rapid concentration of trace amounts of these metal ions and to the separation of Gold (III) from other metal ions in bulk solution. The separation of those elements was carried out with Acetone and Thiourea as eluents.
Key Words
Amberlite A-21 Chelating resin, Gold, Solvent
Statistical Analysis and Material Flow of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) in Informal Sectors: A Case Study of Daejeon Metropolitan City 비제도권 영역 폐전기·전자제품의 물질흐름과 통계분석 연구: 대전광역시의 사례
이승훈 Seunghun Lee , 장용철 Yong-chul Jang , 이승욱 Seunguk Lee , 고영재 Youngjae Ko
Statistical Analysis and Material Flow of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) in Informal Sectors: A Case Study of Daejeon Metropolitan City 비제도권 영역 폐전기·전자제품의 물질흐름과 통계분석 연구: 대전광역시의 사례
이승훈 Seunghun Lee , 장용철 Yong-chul Jang , 이승욱 Seunguk Lee , 고영재 Youngjae Ko
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.219
Abstract
Environmental regulations on the management of waste electrical and electronic equipments (WEEE) have been strengthened in many developed countries. Improper management and disposal of such waste, especially in informal sectors, may pose serious threats to the environment and human health. In Korea, there are very few available statistical data regarding distribution flow and treatment of WEEE in informal sectors (i.e., unreported private collection and recycling facilities). In order to provide additional measures related to proper management of WEEE, there is an urgent need for a quantitative material flow study on the amount of the waste found in the sectors. This can be achieved by conducting a statistical analysis of the flow of WEEE in the sectors and by drawing significant results and implications of such analysis. In this study, the relevant data were collected from literature review and a number of field site visits to informal private collection and recycling sites with survey in Daejoen Metropolitan City. Statistical analysis of the survey related to the distribution of WEEE in informal sectors was conducted to determine the quantitative flow of WEEE in the sectors. According to the results of this study, 3.38 kg/person/year were introduced into informal sectors in 2013, while 2.48 kg/ person/year was recycled in formal sectors in 2012. This study implies that there are significant amounts of WEEE that are present and processed in the sectors, which are not regulated by government. Small private collectors of WEEE in informal sectors received approximately 60.6 unit/month on average. The results of this statistical study indicate that there are no significant differences among the factors such as the amount of treatment, the number of employee, and the degree of dismantle process. However, there is significant difference among the WEEE category large home appliance, small-sized home appliance, and audio-video equipment. Further study may be warranted to focus the flow of WEEE in informal sectors in more large scale in order to accurately determine the final destination and disposal of such waste in the environment.
Life Cycle Assessment on the Recovery of Fe-Ni-Mo, Fe-V Alloys from Spent Catalyst by Smelting Reduction 건식용융환원 기술을 이용한 폐촉매로부터 Fe-Ni-Mo, Fe-V 합금 회수 기술의 전과정평가
이수선 Soo-sun Lee , 김영실 Youngsil Kim , 안중우 Joong Woo Ahn
Life Cycle Assessment on the Recovery of Fe-Ni-Mo, Fe-V Alloys from Spent Catalyst by Smelting Reduction 건식용융환원 기술을 이용한 폐촉매로부터 Fe-Ni-Mo, Fe-V 합금 회수 기술의 전과정평가
이수선 Soo-sun Lee , 김영실 Youngsil Kim , 안중우 Joong Woo Ahn
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.230
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the environmental impacts of recovery of valuable metals from the desulfurizing spent catalyst. Molybdenum, vanadium and nickel widely used in the area of catalysis. But the demand of these metals is full filled by industries. Every year, more than 18,000 tons spent catalysts are discarded. In most countries, spent catalyst is classified as a harmful waste. Thus, metal recovery from spent catalyst has been processed. The recovery process of molybdenum, vanadium and nickel from spent catalyst was mainly carried out wet process. However, this process are not suitable for economics and environmental aspects. Because environmental costs for removal of sulfur in the spent catalyst is high and huge amount of industrial wastewater occurs. Thus, it is necessary to develop a process which is efficient and does not cause pollution than the wet process. Thus, we have studied life cycle assessment about the dry process for the recovery of valuable metals.
Key Words
Spent catalyst, Fe-Ni-Mo, Fe-V, Life cycle assessment
Assessment of Hazard and Recycling for Discarded Agent in Powder Fire Extinguisher 폐 분말소화기 약제의 유해성 및 재활용 가능성 평가
정미정 Mi-jeong Jeong , 연진모 Jin-mo Yeon , 전태완 Tae-wan Jeon , 이희성 Hee-sung Lee , 김용준 Yong-jun Kim , 조윤아 Yoon-a Cho , 조나현 Na-hyeon Cho , 신선경 Sun-kyoung Shin
Assessment of Hazard and Recycling for Discarded Agent in Powder Fire Extinguisher 폐 분말소화기 약제의 유해성 및 재활용 가능성 평가
정미정 Mi-jeong Jeong , 연진모 Jin-mo Yeon , 전태완 Tae-wan Jeon , 이희성 Hee-sung Lee , 김용준 Yong-jun Kim , 조윤아 Yoon-a Cho , 조나현 Na-hyeon Cho , 신선경 Sun-kyoung Shin
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.238
Abstract
Recently, the explosion of powder fire extinguisher led to the replacement of old extinguishers with new ones in Korea. As a result, the amount of waste fire extinguishing agents from discarded fire extinguishers has been increasing. In this study, to determine the recyclability of the fire extinguishing agents, content and leaching test were conducted to identify their health hazards in accordance with the Korean standard method for waste and soil. To this end, nine powders in four new products and five discarded products were sampled from five companies. Analysis of discarded powder of fire extinguishers showed that levels of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr6+,Cr, Hg, Cu, Ni, As, Zn), organic phosphorus, oil, TCE, and PCE were within the levels set out in the Wastes Control Act, the Fertilizer Control Act and the Soil Environment Conservation Act. Only arsenic level in some new and discarded powder of fire extinguisher samples exceeded the acceptable levels as set forth in the Wastes Control Act (1.5 mg/L) and the Soil Environment Conservation Act (25 mg/ kg) but within the acceptable arsenic level of 45 mg/kg as set forth in the Fertilizer Control Act. Concentrations of arsenic in the samples ranged from 0.039 to 2.578 mg/L, 6.72 to 38.36 mg/kg. The most commonly used chemical for ABC dry chemical extinguisher is mono-ammonium phosphate, which generally contains up to 0.005% of arsenic and be used as fertilizer. The result confirmed that powder of fire extinguishers could be recycled as fire extinguisher powder or fertilizer as practiced in Japan, USA and UK. But it is necessary to pretreat and meet the regulation of fire extinguisher and fertilizer.
Key Words
Powder fire extinguisher, Heavy metals, Recycling, Controlled wastes, Hazard
An Analysis on the Economic Impacts of the Waste Disposal and Material Recycling Services Sector 폐기물처리 및 자원재활용서비스 부문의 경제적 파급효과 분석
The government of each country is making a policy of expanding recycling of wastes and waste-to-energy to mitigate the greenhouse gas emissions to cope with climate change. This paper attempts to analyze the economic effects of waste disposal & materials recycling services (WDMRS) sector using 2012 input-output (IO) table published in 2014. To this end, we deal with three sectors: waste disposal, materials recycling services, and WDMRS sectors. More specifically, the production-inducing effect, value-added creation effect, and employment-inducing effect of the WDMRS sector are investigated based on demand-driven model. The supply shortage effect and the price pervasive effect are also examined employing supply-driven model and Leontief price model, respectively. The results show that the production or investment of 1.0 won in the WDMRS sector induces the production of 1.9324 won and the value-added of 0.7217 won in the national economy. Moreover, the production or investment of 1.0 billion won, supply shortage of 1.0 won, and a price increase of 10.0% in the WDMRS sector touch off the employment of 15.2462 persons, production loss of 2.0589 won, and an increases in overall price level by 0.0699%, respectively. This quantitative information can be usefully utilized in assessment of the WDMRS sector-related investment and policy.
Characteristics of Swine Manure of Each Swine Breeding Facilities in Jeju 제주지역 양돈사육시설별 양돈 분뇨 발생 특성
강진영 Jin Young Kang , 허목 Mock Huh
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.260
Abstract
This study was carried out to prepare for the basic data to properly treat the swine manure targeting 19 pig farms in Daejung-eup in Jeju Island. Swine breeding facility can be classified largely as scraper piggery, slurry piggery and recirculating piggery based on their types. Generation flux source unit and generated source unit for each swine breeding facility have been calculated. The average generated flux source unit for the scrapper piggery was 4.57 L/d, for the slurry piggery 3.27 L/d, and for the recirculating type 2.57 L/d. The generation source units for the scraper piggery were 37,796.3 mg/L of BOD5, 25,853.0 mg/L of CODMn, 39,843.8 mg/L of SS, 28,390.5 mg/L of T-N, and 890.1 mg/L of T-P; for the slurry piggery 45,974.2 mg/L of BOD5, 29,582.4 mg/L of CODMn, 69,190.6 mg/L of SS, 29,210.4 mg/L of T-N, and 1,370.6 mg/ L of T-P; and for the recirculating piggery 32,953.9 mg/L of BOD5, 21,698.4 mg/L of CODMn, 46,816.5 mg/L of SS, 19,464.3 mg/L of T-N, and 979.2 mg/L of T-P. In summary, the average generation flux source unit of the swine manure from 19 pig farms of Daejung-eup in Jeju Island was 3.47 L/d, and the average generation source unit of the manure was 38,908.1 mg/L of BOD5, 25,711.3 mg/L of CODMn, 51,950.3 mg/L of SS, 25,688.4 mg/L of T-N, and 1,080.0 mg/L of T-P.
Key Words
Swine breeding facility, Generation source unit, Flux generation source unit, Scrapper piggery, Slurry piggery, Recirculating piggery
Study on Characteristics of Produce Gas and Tar by Pyrolysis for RPF RPF 열분해에 의한 가스 및 타르 생성 특성 연구
전영남 Young Nam Chun , 임문섭 Mun Sup Lim , 조대영 Dae Young Jo
Study on Characteristics of Produce Gas and Tar by Pyrolysis for RPF RPF 열분해에 의한 가스 및 타르 생성 특성 연구
전영남 Young Nam Chun , 임문섭 Mun Sup Lim , 조대영 Dae Young Jo
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.269
Abstract
Refuse plastic fuel (RPF) as materials for the recycling processes (Materiel Recycling) present difficulties with the mixing, the demolishing, the molding and the drying steps. While using RDF as a fuel by pyrolysis, accompanying tar and soot causes many problems like clogging, the corrosion and the erosion of the chloride channel. Using the intermittent pyrolysis equipment during the decomposition of the RPF gases H2, CH4, CO and among the by-products of Cl2 and HCl, Tar is produced in a large quantity. With understanding the by-products decomposition system of the Cl2, H2, Tar and the gases H2, CH4, CO we can understand the nature of the generation of the products. The experimental conditions were chosen according to the temperature of the decomposition (300 ~ 900℃), While varying RPF 2 g, pyrolysis temperature 700℃ during a holding time of 32 min : the H2 gas 1.71%, CH4 2.54%, CO 4.63%, Cl2 12.86 ppm, HCl 30.2 ppm were composed. Also light tar benzene 18.45 g/m3, naphthalene 0.86 g/m3, anthracene 0.09 g/m3, pyrene 0.04 g/ m3, gravimetric tar 31.8 g/m3, and char 0.45 g was formed.
Key Words
Refused Plastic Fuel (RPF), Pyrolysis, Produce gas, Tar, Char
Removal Efficency of Organic Waste Resources using Black Soldier Fly 동애등에를 이용한 유기성 폐자원 처리효율
Removal Efficency of Organic Waste Resources using Black Soldier Fly 동애등에를 이용한 유기성 폐자원 처리효율
이유석 You Seok Lee , 김재용 Jae Yong Kim
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.276
Abstract
Ocean dumping of all of the land waste was banned from 2014 by the London Convention. Therefore, the development of new technology to handle the huge amount of food waste are urgently sought. In particular, we were able to handle the garbage by using the Hermetia illucens by 2013 Presidential Decree. During this situation, we've been studied how to remove food waste by using Hermetia illucens as Environmentally harmless insect. In this study, four kinds of sample as a food waste, pork, bean-curd and boiled rice and mixed waste were selected. We tried to find efficiencies with different type we selected respectively. Efficiency of pretreated food waste with the form of the porridge was compared to rare food waste efficiency.
Key Words
Hermetia illucens, Black solider fly, Treatment of food waste, Organic waste resources
A Study on Applied Device of Reduction for Decrease of Food Waste 음식물류 폐기물 감량화를 위한 감량기 적용 연구
김기헌 Ki-heon Kim , 권영현 Young-hyun Kwon , 이동진 Dong-jin Lee , 강준구 Jun-gu Kang , 신선경 Sun-kyung Sin , 손준익 Jun-ik Son
A Study on Applied Device of Reduction for Decrease of Food Waste 음식물류 폐기물 감량화를 위한 감량기 적용 연구
김기헌 Ki-heon Kim , 권영현 Young-hyun Kwon , 이동진 Dong-jin Lee , 강준구 Jun-gu Kang , 신선경 Sun-kyung Sin , 손준익 Jun-ik Son
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.281
Abstract
This study was to select five places among apartment houses (apartment), detached houses (including houses, villas), downtown area (markets, shops, restaurants) being operated in Korea and use the analysis of physical and chemical characteristics for treatment residues of weight reduction equipment as basic data. Also, we were to evaluate the recyclability by determining whether discharged treatment residues are available in the thermochemical process such as cement sintering facilities and power plants in which energy can be recovered based on the quality standards of Bio- SRF and SRF. Three components for food waste were analyzed and as a result, moisture average, combustibles average and ash average were found to be 11.9% (2.0 ~ 24.8%), 78.9% (63.3 ~ 93.0%) and 9.2% (5.0 ~ 11.9%) respectively and all of them were found to satisfy less than 25%, the moisture content standard of Solid Refuse Fuel (SRF) products. The results of the elemental analysis were analyzed to be carbon average 49.71% (48.41 ~ 52.14%), hydrogen average 6.62% (31.32 ~ 40.63%), oxygen average 37.92% (31.32 ~ 40.63%), nitrogen average 3.82% (2.79 ~ 5.81%), sulfur average 0.26% (0.19 ~ 0.46%), chlorine average 1.67% (1.10 ~ 3.16%). In addition, the low-heating value measurement result is average 4,016.6 kcal/kg (3,255.9 ~ 4,657.9 kcal/kg) and turned out to satisfy most general Solid Refuse Fuel (SRF) product standards but that of Facility E is 3,255.9 kcal/kg and was analyzed not to meet the quality standard 3,500 kcal/kg. However, if maintaining the moisture content of treatment residues to 20% or less, it is determined to satisfy the caloric value standards of general Solid Refuse Fuel products.
Key Words
Food waste, Element analysis, Reduction, SRF, Bio-SRF
Fundamental Study for Practical Application of Artificial Soil using Coal Bottom Ash from Dry Proces 건식공정 석탄 바닥재를 기반으로 한 유기계 인공토양의 기초적연구
홍성록 Sung-rog Hong , 박헌일 Hun-il Park , 선정수 Jung-soo Sun , 김진만 Jin-man Kim
Fundamental Study for Practical Application of Artificial Soil using Coal Bottom Ash from Dry Proces 건식공정 석탄 바닥재를 기반으로 한 유기계 인공토양의 기초적연구
홍성록 Sung-rog Hong , 박헌일 Hun-il Park , 선정수 Jung-soo Sun , 김진만 Jin-man Kim
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.289
Abstract
A general method to expand the urban green space is to utilize the artificial ground that is unutilized in cities, such as buildings and rooftops. The processing technology of bottom ashes in thermal power stations shows a tendency to change from the wet process to the dry process. The dry process bottom ashes, which arise from the new process, are expected to be utilized as light-weight artificial soil, because they are poor in water, salt, and unburned carbon, which are not the characteristics of the existing wet process bottom ashes, and have a lower density than general aggregate. This study shows that the coefficient of permeability, saturation bulk density, pH, EC, and organic matter content of dry process bottom ashes are similar to those of perlite. Therefore, we conclude that dry process bottom ashes can be utilized as artificial soil.
Distribution Characteristics of PAHs and Heavy Metals in Roadside Sediment at Gwangju City Area 광주지역 도로변 퇴적물의 PAHs 및 중금속 분포 특성
김승호 Seungho Kim , 김연희 Yunhee Kim , 김종민 Jongmin Kim , 최영섭 Youngseop Choi , 배석진 Seokjin Bae , 조영관 Younggwan Cho , 김은선 Eunsun Kim
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.297
Abstract
This study identified concentrations, toxicities, and sources of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals in roadside sediment from different areas of Gwangju City. Samples were collected from 13 sites of heavy traffic area (TA), downtown area (DA) and park area (PA) during February and June in 2014. The results showed a wide distribution range of PAHs concentrations between 0.139 mg/kg and 1.740 mg/kg. The highest concentration of PAHs appeared in heavy traffic area (TA). The toxic equivalent quotients (TEQs) of PAHs in the roadside sediment ranged from 27 ng/g to 159 ng/g. The TEQs and PAHs ratio of heavy traffic area and downtown area was 9.1 to 11.0%, respectively. The contributions from potential sources to PAHs in roadside sediment were estimated by the principal component analysis (PCA) and diagnostic ratios between PAHs. Vehicular (gasoline and diesel engine) emissions were found to the predominant contributor of PAHs. The concentrations of heavy metals were highest in the heavy traffic areas. The correlation analysis among traffic intensity and heavy metals, showed that AADT correlates very strongly with Cr, Cu and Pb concentrations. From the results of pollution index (PI) calculation for roadside sediment, heavy traffic area was severly polluted by heavy metals such as Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn. Contaminants in roadside sediment were found to be much affected by the vehicles. Therefore, roadside deposited sediments would be expected to be managed on a regular basis.
Key Words
Roadside sediment, PAHs, Heavy metals, TEQs
Immobilization Properties of Arsenic in Geopolymer Solidification 비소의 지오폴리머 고형화 특성
박재석 Jae-seok Park , 이지환 Ji-hwan Lee , 정연구 Yeon-koo Jeong
Immobilization Properties of Arsenic in Geopolymer Solidification 비소의 지오폴리머 고형화 특성
박재석 Jae-seok Park , 이지환 Ji-hwan Lee , 정연구 Yeon-koo Jeong
DOI:10.9786/kswm.2015.32.3.309
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the immobilization properties of arsenic in solidification process using geopolymer binder. Metakaolin and fly ash were used as prime materials for geopolymer that was also called as activated metakaolin cement (or Si + Al cement). The immobilization of As in geopolymer was found to be very limited regardless of the oxidation state of As and the mixing ratio of As to the binders. These results may be ascribed to the low Ca contents in prime materials used and the structural property of geopolymer formed. It was generally accepted that As was immobilized into C-S-H (calcium silicate hydrates) via precipitation and sorption, when it was solidified with ordinary portland cement and/or lime. When Ca(II) or Fe(III) was used as stimulating agents, the As leaching was reduced by 15 ~ 25% than that of control experiment. These limited improvements of As immobilization might be resulted from the extremely high pH in geopolymer reaction.